Hailstorms can be unpredictable and destructive, leaving homeowners with concerns about the integrity of their roofs. While your first instinct during a hailstorm may be to protect your car, your roof often takes the biggest hit. But how do you know if your roof has been damaged? And what steps should you take next? Let's break it all down. What Size Hail Causes Roof Damage? Hail size is a critical factor in determining whether your roof sustains damage. In general, hailstones that are at least 1 inch in diameter can cause noticeable damage. However, smaller hailstones can still lead to problems, especially when accompanied by strong winds or when hitting older or more fragile roofing materials. The larger the hailstones, the higher the potential for significant damage: 1 inch (quarter-sized) – Can cause dents in asphalt shingles and roof vents. 1.5 inches (ping pong ball-sized) – More severe damage, potentially cracking or breaking shingles. 2 inches or larger (golf ball-sized and above) – High likelihood of substantial roof damage requiring repairs or replacement. Since multiple factors impact hail size and potential roof damage, it’s crucial to understand what influences hailstone formation and impact. Factors That Determine Hail Size Atmospheric Conditions Hail forms in thunderstorms when there’s a strong updraft and an abundance of supercooled water droplets in the atmosphere. When the temperature difference between the ground and the upper atmosphere is significant, hailstones have a better chance of growing larger before they fall. Updraft Strength A strong updraft within a storm keeps hailstones suspended longer, allowing them to accumulate more ice. The stronger the updraft, the larger the hailstones. Wind Speed and Impact Angle Wind speed and the angle at which hailstones hit your roof also play a major role in the level of damage. High winds can propel hail at an oblique angle, increasing impact velocity and damage potential. Low-slope roofs tend to suffer more from hail impact than steeper roofs, as hail hits them more directly. How to Spot Hail Damage on Your Roof While a professional roofing contractor should always perform a thorough inspection, you can check for collateral damage around your property to get an idea of whether your roof may have been affected. Look for: Dents or dings on downspouts, gutters, and metal roof vents. Splatter marks on your electric meter, AC unit, grill, or car. Holes or cracks in window screens, painted wood, or shutters. Dings on garage doors or mailboxes. If you notice any of the above, there’s a strong chance your roof may have sustained hail damage, and you should take the next steps. What to Do If You Suspect Hail Damage 1. Contact Your Insurance Company The first step is to call your insurance provider to report possible roof damage. They will guide you on the next steps, which may include sending an adjuster to inspect the damage. 2. Schedule a Professional Roof Inspection A qualified roofing contractor will inspect your roof for hail damage and provide photographic evidence to submit to your insurance company. If the damage is severe enough, your insurance provider may approve a claim for roof repairs or replacement. 3. Understand the Insurance Claim Process If your claim is approved, your next step is to hire a roofing contractor with experience in handling insurance claims. If your claim is denied, you can request a second inspection or hire an independent engineer to assess the damage. Choosing a Hail-Resistant Roofing Material If you live in an area prone to hailstorms, investing in a hail-resistant roof can save you from future headaches. Roofing materials with a UL 2218 Class 4 Impact Rating offer the highest resistance to hail damage. Some of the most hail-resistant roofing options include: Metal Roofing – Durable and resistant to large hailstones, with some warranties covering hail up to 2.5 inches in diameter. Impact-Resistant Asphalt Shingles – Engineered with reinforced layers to withstand impact better than standard shingles. Rubber and Polymer Roofing – Designed to absorb impact and minimize cracking or denting. Traditional asphalt shingles and clay tile roofs are much more susceptible to hail damage, especially as they age and become brittle. Final Thoughts Hailstorms are a natural hazard, but understanding their impact on your roof can help you take proactive steps to protect your home. If you suspect hail damage, check for collateral signs around your property and contact your insurance provider for guidance. A timely inspection and choosing a durable, hail-resistant roofing material can prevent costly repairs and extend the lifespan of your roof. Give us a call at 636-757-3083 to learn more. You can also read our latest blog on the growing threat of power outages here!